Anti-reflective film, display panel and display device having the same, and fabricating method thereof

ABSTRACT

The present application discloses a method of fabricating an anti-reflective film, comprising forming a zinc oxynitride layer on a substrate; annealing the zinc oxynitride layer; and etching the surface of the zinc oxynitride layer with an etching solution to form a micro lenses layer comprising a plurality of micro lenses on surface.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No.15/325,863, filed Feb. 22, 2016, which is a national stage applicationunder 35 U.S.C. § 371 of International Application No. PCT/CN2016/074215filed Feb. 22, 2016, which claims priority to Chinese Patent ApplicationNo. 201510303229.7, filed Jun. 5, 2015. Each of the forgoingapplications is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety for allpurposes.

FIELD

The present invention relates to display technology, more particularly,to an anti-reflective film, a display panel and a display device havingthe same, and a fabricating method thereof.

BACKGROUND

In recent years, technology advances have been made in many types ofdisplay devices, including light emitting diodes (LED), organic lightemitting diodes (OLED), Plasma display panels (PDP) and liquid crystaldisplay panels (LCD).

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the structure of a liquid crystaldisplay panel. Referring to FIG. 1, the liquid crystal display panelincludes a first substrate 101 and a second substrate 102 opposite tothe first substrate 101, and a liquid crystal layer 103 between thefirst substrate 101 and the second substrate 102. Metal lines 104 (e.g.,data lines or gate lines) are on the second substrate 102. A surface ofthe first substrate distal to the second substrate is the light emittingsurface of the liquid crystal display panel. When ambient light shineson the display panel, a portion of ambient light is reflected by thefirst substrate 101, and a portion of ambient light transmits into thedisplay panel through the first substrate 101. Inside the display panel,some transmitted ambient light is reflected by the surface of metallines 104. The reflected light then exits the display panel through thefirst substrate 101, lowering the contrast of the display image.

SUMMARY

In one aspect, the present invention provides a method of fabricating ananti-reflective film, comprising forming a zinc oxynitride layer on asubstrate; annealing the zinc oxynitride layer; and etching the surfaceof the zinc oxynitride layer with an etching solution to form a microlenses layer comprising a plurality of micro lenses on surface.

Optionally, each of the plurality of micro lenses comprises a zincoxynitride grain.

Optionally, each of the plurality of micro lenses has a diameter in therange of about 20 nm to about 500 nm.

Optionally, the micro lenses layer has a refraction index larger thanthat of the substrate.

Optionally, the grain has a substantially sphere or hemisphere shape.

Optionally, the etching solution comprises an etchant in a concentrationof about 0.001 M to about 0.05 M with an etching duration in the rangeof about 20 seconds to about 120 minutes.

Optionally, the etchant is an acid.

Optionally, the annealing is performed at a temperature in the range ofabout 300° C. to about 500° C.

Optionally, the annealing is performed in vacuum or in an atmospherecomprising nitrogen or air.

Optionally, the annealing is performed with an annealing duration in therange of about 10 minutes to about 60 minutes.

Optionally, the method further comprises forming a transparentinsulating layer on a side of the micro lenses layer distal to thesubstrate, wherein the transparent insulating layer has a refractiveindex larger than that of the micro lenses layer.

Optionally, the transparent insulating layer is made of a materialcomprising silicon nitride.

In another aspect, the present invention provides an anti-reflectivefilm, comprising a micro lenses layer comprising a plurality of microlenses, each of the plurality of micro lenses comprises a zincoxynitride grain.

Optionally, each of the plurality of micro lenses has a diameter in therange of about 20 nm to about 500 nm.

Optionally, the grain has a substantially sphere or hemisphere shape.

Optionally, the anti-reflective film further comprises a transparentinsulating layer over the plurality of micro lenses, the transparentinsulating layer has a refractive index larger than that of the microlenses layer.

Optionally, the transparent insulating layer is made of a materialcomprising silicon nitride.

In another aspect, the present invention further provides a displaypanel comprising a first substrate and a second substrate opposite tothe first substrate, a surface of the first substrate distal to thesecond substrate is a light emitting surface of the display panel; andan anti-reflective film on a side of the first substrate proximal to thesecond substrate.

Optionally, the anti-reflective film comprises a micro lenses layercomprising a plurality of micro lenses, each of the plurality of microlenses comprises a zinc oxynitride grain.

Optionally, each of the plurality of micro lenses has a diameter in therange of about 20 nm to about 500 nm.

Optionally, the grain has a sphere or hemisphere shape.

Optionally, the anti-reflective film further comprises a transparentinsulating layer on a side of the micro lenses layer distal to the firstsubstrate, the transparent insulating layer has a refractive indexlarger than that of the micro lenses layer.

Optionally, the transparent insulating layer is made of a materialcomprising silicon nitride.

Optionally, the display panel is a liquid crystal display panel, and thesecond substrate is an array substrate.

Optionally, the display panel is a top-emitting organic light emittingdisplay panel, and the second substrate is an array substrate.

Optionally, the display panel is a bottom-emitting organic lightemitting display panel, and the first substrate is an array substrate.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a display devicecomprising a display panel as described herein.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a display devicecomprising an anti-reflective film as described herein or manufacturedby a method described herein.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

The following drawings are merely examples for illustrative purposesaccording to various disclosed embodiments and are not intended to limitthe scope of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating ambient light path in a conventionalliquid crystal display panel.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating the structure of a method offabricating an anti-reflective film in some embodiments.

FIG. 3A is a scanning electron microscope image of an anti-reflectivefilm in some embodiments in plan view.

FIG. 3B is a scanning electron microscope image of an anti-reflectivefilm in some embodiments in side view.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the structure of an anti-reflectivefilm in some embodiments.

FIG. 5 shows a light transmittance curve of an anti-reflective film anda glass substrate in some embodiments.

FIG. 6 shows a light reflectance curve of an anti-reflective film and aglass substrate in some embodiments.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating ambient light path in a display panelin some embodiments.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating ambient light path in a display panelin some embodiments.

FIG. 9 shows significantly improved contrast of display image in adisplay panel having the anti-reflective film in some embodiments(right) as compared to a conventional display panel (left).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The disclosure will now describe more specifically with reference to thefollowing embodiments. It is to be noted that the following descriptionsof some embodiments are presented herein for purpose of illustration anddescription only. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to be limitedto the precise form disclosed.

Reflection of ambient light lowers the contrast of display image. Inconventional display devices, an anti-reflective film sealed on a lightemitting surface of the display panel is used to improve the contrast.The sealing process is complex and prone to produce electrostaticcharges, which may damage electrodes in the display panel. Further,conventional anti-reflective films typically add on additional thicknessto the display panel, and are costly to make. Having an additional filmthus increases the overall thickness of the display panel and themanufacturing costs.

In one aspect, the present disclosure provides an anti-reflective filmwith superior anti-reflective properties. The present anti-reflectivefilm is easy to fabricate and does not require a complex sealingprocess. Having the present anti-reflective film in a display panel doesnot increase the overall thickness of the display panel or themanufacturing costs.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating the structure of a method offabricating an anti-reflective film in some embodiments. Referring toFIG. 2, the method in the embodiment includes forming a zinc oxynitridelayer on a substrate, annealing the zinc oxynitride layer, and etchingthe surface of the zinc oxynitride layer with an etching solution toform a micro lenses layer having a plurality of micro lenses on surface.Optionally, each of the plurality of micro lenses includes a zincoxynitride grain.

As used herein the term “micro lens” refers to a small lens, forinstance, with a diameter less than a few millimeter, e.g., in the rangeof about 1 nm to about 10 μm, about 1 nm to about 5 μm, about 1 nm toabout 2 μm, about 1 nm to about 1 μm, about 1 nm to about 0.5 μm, about5 nm to about 5 μm, about 5 nm to about 2 μm, about 5 nm to about 1 μm,about 5 nm to about 0.5 μm, about 10 nm to about 2 μm, about 10 nm toabout 1 μm, about 10 nm to about 0.5 μm, about 20 nm to about 500 nm,about 50 nm to about 300 nm, or about 100 nm to about 200 nm.Optionally, the micro lens is a grain (e.g., a zinc oxynitride grain).Optionally, the micro lens is a grain (e.g., a zinc oxynitride grain)having a substantially sphere or hemisphere shape (or quarter sphere, aportion of a sphere, or any appropriate shape). Optionally, the microlens has a convex shape for transmitting light. Optionally, the microlenses may be arranged in form of an array (e.g., a non-uniform array inwhich lenses may not be equidistantly spaced and/or equal in size).Optionally, the micro lenses may be arranged in a two-dimensional array(e.g., a non-uniform two-dimensional array). Optionally, the microlenses are arranged on a surface of a substrate. Optionally, the microlenses layer has a refraction index larger than that of the substrate.

The grains may have any appropriate shapes. Optionally, the grains(i.e., the micro lenses) have a substantially sphere or hemisphereshape. Optionally, the grains have a substantially pyramid shape, asubstantially cone shape, a substantially cylinder shape, asubstantially cube shape, a substantially triangular prism shape, or asubstantially rectangular prism shape.

The anti-reflective film formed by the present method has severaladvantages. The fabrication process does not involve a complex sealingprocess. Many defects associated with the sealing process can beavoided. The shape and sizes of the zinc oxynitride grains can be easilycontrolled by the present fabrication process. Consequently, theanti-reflective film fabricated according to the present method does notresult in an increased overall thickness of the display panel or anincreased manufacturing costs.

The zinc oxynitride layer may be formed by any appropriate method. Forinstance, zinc metal oxynitride layer may be formed by depositionmethods. Examples of deposition methods include, but are not limited to,sputtering (e.g., magnetron sputtering) and evaporation coating (e.g., aChemical Vapor Deposition method, a Plasma-Enhanced Chemical VaporDeposition (PECVD) method, a thermal vapor deposition method). Thesubstrate on which the zinc oxynitride layer is formed may be a basesubstrate, or a base substrate having other layers or components priorto the formation of the zinc oxynitride layer.

In some embodiments, the zinc oxynitride layer is formed by magnetronsputtering. In a magnetron sputtering process, magnetron sputteringapparatus induces plasma ions of a gas to bombard a target, causingsurface atoms of the target material to be ejected and deposited as afilm or layer on the surface, of a substrate. For example, zinc or zincoxide may be used as the sputtering target, and a plasma including argonis used to bombard the sputtering target. The plasma may furtherincludes oxygen and nitrogen gases, adding oxygen and nitrogen into zincor zinc oxide, thereby forming a zinc oxynitride layer when the targetis deposited on the substrate. The ratio among the zinc, oxygen, andnitrogen may be controlled by adjusting the contents of oxygen andnitrogen in the plasma. Accordingly, the properties of the zincoxynitride layer can be controlled.

Various embodiments of annealing conditions may be practiced. In someembodiments, the annealing is performed in an oxygen-free atmosphere,e.g., in vacuum or nitrogen. In some embodiments, the annealing may beperformed in air. The contents of the annealing atmosphere may beselected such that the zinc oxynitride layer is not oxidized into zincoxide under the selected atmosphere. In some embodiments, the annealingis performed at a temperature in the range of about 300° C. to about500° C., e.g., 300° C. to about 350° C., 350° C. to about 400° C., 400°C. to about 450° C., or 450° C. to about 500° C. In some embodiments,the annealing is performed with an annealing duration in the range ofabout 10 minutes to about 60 minutes, e.g., about 10 minutes to about 20minutes, about 20 minutes to about 30 minutes, about 30 minutes to about40 minutes, about 40 minutes to about 40 minutes, or about 50 minutes toabout 60 minutes. Various alternative annealing temperatures, durations,and/or atmosphere may be practiced. By selecting different annealingconditions, the shapes and/or sizes of zinc oxynitride crystals may beobtained. Optionally, zinc oxynitride crystals having a diameter in arange of about 100 nm to about 200 nm may be obtained at an annealingtemperature of about 300° C. with an annealing duration of about 60minutes.

Any appropriate etching solution may be used to form the micro lenslayer. In some embodiments, the etchant is an acid (e.g., hydrochloride,sulfuric acid, or nitric acid) or a mixture of two or more acids. Insome embodiments, the etchant is a lye (e.g., potassium hydroxide,sodium hydroxide, or ammonia), or a mixture of two or more lyes.Optionally, the etching solution includes an etchant in a concentrationof about 0.001 M to about 0.05 M. Optionally, the etching is performedwith an etching duration in the range of about 20 seconds to about 120minutes, e.g., about 20 seconds to about 1 minutes, about 1 minutes toabout 10 minutes, about 10 minutes to about 30 minutes, about 30 minutesto about 60 minutes, about 60 minutes to about 90 minutes, about 90minutes to about 120 minutes. The etching rate of crystalline zincoxynitride is much slower than that of the amorphous zinc oxynitride.Thus, by etching the annealed zinc oxynitride layer with an etchingsolution (e.g., an acid or a base), the amorphous zinc oxynitride can beremoved, leaving the crystalline zinc oxynitride grains on the surfaceof the layer, thereby forming the micro lenses structure. Optionally,the crystalline grains have a substantially sphere or hemisphere shape.

FIG. 3A is a scanning electron microscope image of an anti-reflectivefilm in some embodiments in plan view. FIG. 3B is a scanning electronmicroscope image of an anti-reflective film in some embodiments in sideview. The micro lenses layer is formed at an annealing temperature ofabout 300° C. with an annealing duration of about 60 minutes. Referringto FIGS. 3A and 3B, the accelerating voltage of the electrons used inthe scanning electron microscope is 1000 V, the magnification of thescanning electron microscope is 50,000. In FIGS. 3A and 3B, 10 barsequal to 600 nm. Thus, the zinc oxynitride grains in FIGS. 3A and 3Bhave an average size of about 100 nm.

In some embodiments, the method further includes forming a transparentinsulating layer on a side of the micro lenses layer distal to thesubstrate. Optionally, the transparent insulating layer has a refractiveindex larger than that of the micro lenses layer. By having atransparent insulating layer having a refractive index larger than thatof the micro lenses layer, the anti-reflective properties of theanti-reflective film can be further improved, and the contrast ofdisplay image further enhanced.

Any appropriate transparent material may be used for making thetransparent insulating layer. The selection of the transparentinsulating layer depends on various factors. For example, oneconsideration in choosing a material for making the transparentinsulating layer is its refractive index relative to that of the microlenses layer. Optionally, the transparent insulating layer is made of amaterial including silicon nitride. The refractive index of siliconnitride is about 2.05, and the refractive index of the zinc oxynitridemicro lenses layer is about 1.9 to about 2. Optionally, other materialshaving a refractive index larger than 2 may be used.

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides an anti-reflectivefilm including a micro lenses layer. The micro lenses layer includes aplurality of micro lenses, each of which includes a zinc oxynitridegrain.

Optionally, the micro lens has a diameter in the range of about 1 nm toabout 10 μm, about 1 nm to about 5 μm, about 1 nm to about 2 μm, about 1nm to about 1 μm, about 1 nm to about 0.5 μm, about 5 nm to about 5 μm,about 5 nm to about 2 μm, about 5 nm to about 1 μm, about 5 nm to about0.5 μm, about 10 nm to about 2 μm, about 10 nm to about 1 μm, about 10nm to about 0.5 μm, about 20 nm to about 500 nm, about 50 nm to about300 nm, or about 100 nm to about 200 nm. Optionally, the micro lens is agrain (e.g., a zinc oxynitride grain). Optionally, the micro lens is agrain (e.g., a zinc oxynitride grain) having a substantially sphere orhemisphere shape (or quarter sphere, a portion of a sphere, or anyappropriate shape). Optionally, the micro lens has a convex shape fortransmitting light. Optionally, the micro lenses may be arranged in formof an array (e.g., a non-uniform array in which lenses may not beequidistantly spaced and/or equal in size). Optionally, the micro lensesmay be arranged in a two-dimensional array (e.g., a non-uniformtwo-dimensional array). Optionally, the micro lenses are arranged on asurface of a substrate. Optionally, the micro lenses layer has arefraction index larger than that of the substrate.

The present anti-reflective film has several advantages. The fabricationof the present anti-reflective film does not require a complex sealingprocess. Many defects associated with the sealing process can beavoided. Further, the shape and sizes of the zinc oxynitride grains canbe easily controlled. Consequently, the present anti-reflective filmdoes not result in an increased the overall thickness of the displaypanel or an increased manufacturing costs.

Optionally, each of the plurality of micro lenses has a diameter in therange of about 20 nm to about 500 nm.

FIG. 5 shows a light transmittance curve of an anti-reflective film anda glass substrate in some embodiments. FIG. 6 shows a light reflectancecurve of an anti-reflective film and a glass substrate in someembodiments. Referring to FIG. 5, the light transmittance of theanti-reflective films having various micro lenses sizes in someembodiments (indicated as a-e) have significantly higher lighttransmittance than a glass base substrate (indicated as a dashed line).Referring to FIG. 6, the light reflectance of the anti-reflective filmshaving various micro lenses sizes in some embodiments (indicated as a-e)have significantly lower light reflectance than a glass base substrate(indicated as a dashed line). FIG. 9 shows significantly improvedcontrast of display image in a display panel having the anti-reflectivefilm in some embodiments (right) as compared to a conventional displaypanel (left).

The grains may have any appropriate shapes. Optionally, the grains(i.e., the micro lenses) have a substantially sphere or hemisphereshape. Optionally, the grains have a substantially pyramid shape, asubstantially cone shape, a substantially cylinder shape, asubstantially cube shape, a substantially triangular prism shape, or asubstantially rectangular prism shape.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the structure of an anti-reflectivefilm in some embodiments. Referring to FIG. 4, the anti-reflective filmin the embodiment further includes a transparent insulating layer overthe plurality of micro lenses. Optionally, the transparent insulatinglayer has a refractive index larger than that of the micro lenses layer.By having a transparent insulating layer having a refractive indexlarger than that of the micro lenses layer, the anti-reflectiveproperties of the anti-reflective film can be further improved, and thecontrast of display image further enhanced.

Any appropriate transparent material may be used for making thetransparent insulating layer. The selection of the transparentinsulating layer depends on various factors. For example, oneconsideration in choosing a material for making the transparentinsulating layer is its refractive index relative to that of the microlenses layer. Optionally, the transparent insulating layer is made of amaterial including silicon nitride. The refractive index of siliconnitride is about 2.05, and the refractive index of the zinc oxynitridemicro lenses layer is about 1.9 to about 2. Optionally, other materialshaving a refractive index larger than 2 may be used.

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a display panel. FIG.7 is a diagram illustrating ambient light path in a display panel insome embodiments. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating ambient light path ina display panel in some embodiments. Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, thedisplay panels in the embodiments include a first substrate 3 and asecond substrate 4 opposite to the first substrate 3. A surface of thefirst substrate 3 distal to the second substrate 4 is a light emittingsurface of the display panels. The display panels in the embodimentsfurther include an anti-reflective film on a side of the first substrate3 proximal to the second substrate 4.

Referring to FIG. 7, the anti-reflective film includes a micro lenseslayer including a plurality of micro lenses. Each of the plurality ofmicro lenses comprises a zinc oxynitride grain 1. Referring to FIG. 8,the anti-reflective film includes a micro lenses layer including aplurality of micro lenses, and a transparent insulating layer 2 on aside of the micro lenses layer distal to the first substrate 3. Each ofthe plurality of micro lenses comprises a zinc oxynitride grain 1.Optionally, the transparent insulating layer 2 has a refractive indexlarger than that of the micro lenses layer.

As shown in FIG. 7, by having an anti-reflective film on a side of thefirst substrate 3 proximal to the second substrate 4, the ambient lighttransmittance can be enhanced (as indicated by the light path in solidlines) and ambient light reflectance much reduced on a side of the firstsubstrate 3 distal to the second substrate 4. The ambient lighttransmitted into the display panel may be reflected by metal lines 5.Diffuse reflectance occurs when some reflected light encounters themicro lenses (as indicated by the long-dashed lines). Because the microlenses layer has a refractive index larger than that of the firstsubstrate 3 (e.g., a glass substrate has a refractive index of about 1.5to about 1.7), some reflected light may be totally reflected at theinterface between the micro lenses layer and the first substrate 3 (asindicated by the short-dashed lines). Based on the above, the reflectedlight (by the metal lines 5) exiting the side of the first substrate 3distal to the second substrate 4 can be significantly reduced,effectively improving the contrast of the display image.

As shown in FIG. 8, by having an anti-reflective film on a side of thefirst substrate 3 proximal to the second substrate 4, the ambient lighttransmittance can be enhanced (as indicated by the light path in solidlines) and ambient light reflectance much reduced on a side of the firstsubstrate 3 distal to the second substrate 4. The ambient lighttransmitted into the display panel may be reflected by metal lines 5.Diffuse reflectance occurs when some reflected light encounters themicro lenses (as indicated by the long-dashed lines). Because thetransparent insulating layer 2 has a refractive index larger than thatof the micro lenses layer, some reflected light may be totally reflectedat the interface between the micro lenses layer and the first substrate3 (as indicated by the short-dashed lines). Further, the anti-reflectivefilm has a transparent insulating layer on a side of the micro lenseslayer distal to the first substrate, the transparent insulating layerhas a refractive index larger than that of the micro lenses layer. Somereflected light may be totally reflected at the interface between thetransparent insulating layer 2 and the micro lenses layer (as indicatedby the dotted lines). Based on the above, the reflected light (by themetal lines 5) exiting the side of the first substrate 3 distal to thesecond substrate 4 can be significantly reduced, effectively improvingthe contrast of the display image.

The display panel may be any appropriate type of display panel.Optionally, the display panel is a liquid crystal display panel.Optionally, the second substrate is an array substrate. Optionally, thefirst substrate is on a light emitting side of the liquid crystaldisplay panel, the anti-reflective film is on a side of the firstsubstrate proximal to the second substrate. Optionally, the displaypanel may further include a black matrix, a color filter, an alignmentlayer on a side of the anti-reflective layer proximal to the secondsubstrate. Optionally, the display panel may further include a gateline, a data line, a gate electrode, a thin film transistor on a side ofthe second substrate proximal to the first substrate. Optionally, thedisplay panel is a Twisted Nematic liquid crystal display panel having acommon electrode on a side of the first substrate proximal to the secondsubstrate. Optionally, the display panel is an Advanced Super DimensionSwitch liquid crystal display panel or an In-Plane Switch liquid crystaldisplay panel having a common electrode on a side of the secondsubstrate proximal to the first substrate.

In some embodiments, the display panel is an organic light emittingdisplay panel. Optionally, the display panel is a top-emitting organiclight emitting display panel. Optionally, the second substrate is anarray substrate having a light emitting layer on a side of the secondsubstrate proximal to the first substrate. Optionally, the firstsubstrate is on a light emitting side of the organic light emittingdisplay panel. The first substrate and the second substrate (arraysubstrate) are assembled together to form the top-emitting organic lightemitting display panel.

Optionally, the display panel is a bottom-emitting organic lightemitting display panel. Optionally, the first substrate is an arraysubstrate having a light emitting layer on a side of the first substrateproximal to the second substrate. Optionally, the second substrate is ona light emitting side of the organic light emitting display panel. Thefirst substrate (array substrate) and the second substrate are assembledtogether to form the top-emitting organic light emitting display panel.

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a display devicehaving a display panel described herein. Examples of appropriate displaydevices includes, but are not limited to, an electronic paper, a mobilephone, a tablet computer, a television, a monitor, a notebook computer,a digital album, a gps, etc. The display device of the presentdisclosure has an exceptional light emission efficiency.

The present disclosure provides an anti-reflective film, a display paneland a display device having the same, and a fabricating method thereof.In some embodiments, the method includes forming a zinc oxynitride layeron a substrate, annealing the zinc oxynitride layer, and etching thesurface of the zinc oxynitride layer with an etching solution to form amicro lenses layer having a plurality of micro lenses on surface.Optionally, each of the plurality of micro lenses includes a zincoxynitride grain.

The anti-reflective film formed by the present method has severaladvantages. The fabrication process does not involve a complex sealingprocess. Many defects associated with the sealing process can beavoided. The shape and sizes of the zinc oxynitride grains can be easilycontrolled by the present fabrication process. Consequently, theanti-reflective film fabricated according to the present method does notresult in an increased overall thickness of the display panel or anincreased manufacturing costs.

The foregoing description of the embodiments of the invention has beenpresented for purposes of illustration and description. It is notintended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise formor to exemplary embodiments disclosed. Accordingly, the foregoingdescription should be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive.Obviously, many modifications and variations will be apparent topractitioners skilled in this art. The embodiments are chosen anddescribed in order to best explain the principles of the invention andits best mode practical application, thereby to enable persons skilledin the art to understand the invention for various embodiments and withvarious modifications as are suited to the particular use orimplementation contemplated. It is intended that the scope of theinvention be defined by the claims appended hereto and their equivalentsin which all terms are meant in their broadest reasonable sense unlessotherwise indicated. Therefore, the term “the invention”, “the presentinvention” or the like does not necessarily limit the claim scope to aspecific embodiment, and the reference to exemplary embodiments of theinvention does not imply a limitation on the invention, and no suchlimitation is to be inferred. The invention is limited only by thespirit and scope of the appended claims. Moreover, these claims mayrefer to use “first”, “second”, etc. following with noun or element.Such terms should be understood as a nomenclature and should not beconstrued as giving the limitation on the number of the elementsmodified by such nomenclature unless specific number has been given. Anyadvantages and benefits described may not apply to all embodiments ofthe invention. It should be appreciated that variations may be made inthe embodiments described by persons skilled in the art withoutdeparting from the scope of the present invention as defined by thefollowing claims. Moreover, no element and component in the presentdisclosure is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless ofwhether the element or component is explicitly recited in the followingclaims.

1-10. (canceled)
 11. An anti-reflective film, comprising a micro lenseslayer comprising a plurality of micro lenses; wherein each of theplurality of micro lenses comprises a zinc oxynitride grain; and each ofthe plurality of micro lenses has a diameter in a range of about 1 nm toabout 10 μm.
 12. The anti-reflective film of claim 11, wherein each ofthe plurality of micro lenses has a diameter in a range of about 20 nmto about 500 nm.
 13. The anti-reflective film of claim 11, wherein thezinc oxynitride grain has a substantially sphere or hemisphere shape.14. The anti-reflective film of claim 11, further comprising atransparent insulating layer over the plurality of micro lenses, thetransparent insulating layer has a refractive index larger than that ofthe micro lenses layer.
 15. The anti-reflective film of claim 14,wherein the transparent insulating layer is made of a materialcomprising silicon nitride.
 16. A display panel, comprising: a firstsubstrate and a second substrate opposite to the first substrate, asurface of the first substrate distal to the second substrate is a lightemitting surface of the display panel; and an anti-reflective film on aside of the first substrate facing the second substrate; wherein theanti-reflective film comprises a micro lenses layer comprising aplurality of micro lenses, each of the plurality of micro lensescomprises a zinc oxynitride grain; and each of the plurality of microlenses has a diameter in a range of about 1 nm to about 10 μm.
 17. Thedisplay panel of claim 16, wherein each of the plurality of micro lenseshas a diameter in range of about 20 nm to about 500 nm.
 18. The displaypanel of claim 16, wherein the zinc oxynitride grain has a sphere orhemisphere shape.
 19. The display panel of claim 16, wherein theanti-reflective film further comprises a transparent insulating layer ona side of the micro lenses layer distal to the first substrate, thetransparent insulating layer has a refractive index larger than that ofthe micro lenses layer.
 20. The display panel of claim 19, wherein thetransparent insulating layer is made of a material comprising siliconnitride.
 21. The display panel of claim 16, wherein the display panel isa liquid crystal display panel, and the second substrate is an arraysubstrate.
 22. The display panel of claim 16, wherein the display panelis a top-emitting organic light emitting display panel, and the secondsubstrate is an array substrate.
 23. The display panel of claim 16,wherein the display panel is a bottom-emitting organic light emittingdisplay panel, and the first substrate is an array substrate.
 24. Adisplay apparatus comprising a display panel of claim
 16. 25. Theanti-reflective film of claim 11, wherein each of the plurality of microlenses has a diameter in a range of about 20 nm to about 5 μm.
 26. Theanti-reflective film of claim 11, wherein the plurality of micro lensesare formed as a non-uniform two-dimensional array.
 27. Theanti-reflective film of claim 11, wherein the plurality of micro lensesare formed to be non-uniformly spaced and have non-uniform sizedistribution.
 28. The display panel of claim 16, wherein each of theplurality of micro lenses has a diameter in a range of about 20 nm toabout 5 μm.
 29. The display panel of claim 16, wherein the plurality ofmicro lenses are formed as a non-uniform two-dimensional array.
 30. Thedisplay panel of claim 16, wherein the plurality of micro lenses areformed to be non-uniformly spaced and have non-uniform sizedistribution.